The Surprising detail in Aussie gardens could attract unwanted visitor

Snails continue to vex gardeners and pose a $4.6 million problem for farmers. New research now focuses on how to both attract and repel them.

Michael Dahlstrom

In an unexpected twist, researchers have discovered that snails are drawn to the color red, as observed in an Aussie garden. Source: Getty

Snails are a persistent challenge for gardeners and an even greater headache for farmers. In a $4.6 million research initiative, scientists from the CSIRO have delved into the preferences of four invasive species.

Contrary to the belief that snails cannot perceive color, researchers found they are oddly attracted to red. “Red typically doesn’t play a significant role in snail life, so this preference came as a surprise,” remarked research scientist Dr. Valerie Caron.

Invasive snails and slugs inflict over $170 million annually in losses on the legume and grain industry through contamination, underscoring the importance of understanding their behavior. Unlike mammals, reptiles, or birds, snails lack a centralized brain and instead possess a network of ganglia nerve cells akin to octopuses, suggesting vastly different cognitive processes.

Which snail species were studied?

Two species with a globular shell: Theba pisana and Cernuella virgata

Two species with a conical shell: Cochlicella acuta and Cochlicella barbara

Left – Theba pisana clustered on a fence post. Right – Cornu aspersum on a wall.

On farms, the invasive Theba pisana (left) forms clusters on fence posts, while Cornu aspersum (right) troubles backyard gardeners. Source: CSIRO/Michael Dahlstrom
A surprising snail aversion to common food revealed.

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Among the studied species was Theba pisana, known for its affinity for climbing and clustering around fence posts during summer, and hibernating until the hottest temperatures subside.

The Surprising detail in Aussie gardens could attract unwanted visitor

Beyond investigating snails’ color preferences, scientists also explored deterrents. “Garlic emerged as the most effective deterrent in preventing snails from accessing food sources under controlled conditions. Coffee barriers provided limited protection, particularly after 24 hours, with some snails even consuming the coffee grounds,” Caron noted.

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The team now aims to leverage this knowledge to safeguard crops from snails, employing strategies to both attract them away and repel them effectively. Further research trials on snail behavior are planned.

The Surprising detail in Aussie gardens could attract

“In essence, our goal is to develop innovative snail management techniques using attractants (like color) for trapping and removal, as well as safe repellents such as garlic barriers,” Caron emphasized.

This research was conducted as part of a Grains Research and Development Corporation initiative led by the University of Adelaide.